Reactivity | HuSpecies Glossary |
Applications | Bioactivity |
Format | Carrier-Free |
Additional Information | A New and Improved rh TGF-beta 3 is Now Available! It is CHO-expressed and competitively priced. |
Details of Functionality | Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The ED50 for this effect is 0.0100-0.0400 ng/mL. |
Source | Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived human TGF-beta 3 protein Ala301-Ser412 (Tyr340Phe) |
Accession # | |
N-terminal Sequence | Ala301 |
Structure / Form | Disulfide-linked homodimer |
Protein/Peptide Type | Recombinant Proteins |
Gene | TGFB3 |
Purity | >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain. |
Endotoxin Note | <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
Dilutions |
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Theoretical MW | 12.7 kDa (monomer). Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors. |
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SDS-PAGE | 12 kDa, reducing conditions 24 kDa, non-reducing conditions |
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Publications |
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Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Buffer | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
Purity | >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain. |
Reconstitution Instructions | Reconstitute 2 µg vials at 20 µg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. Reconstitute 10 µg or larger vials at 50 µg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl. |
TGF beta 3 (transforming growth factor-beta 3) is a member of a TGF-beta superfamily subgroup that is defined by their structural and functional similarities (1-5). TGF-beta 3 and its closely related proteins, TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2, act as cellular switches to regulate immune function, cell proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (4, 6, 7). The non-redundant biological effects of TGF-beta 3 include involvement in palatogenesis, chondrogenesis, and pulmonary development (1, 2, 7-9). Human TGF- beta 3 cDNA encodes a 412 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal peptide and a 392 aa proprotein. The proprotein is processed by a furinlike convertase to generate a 220 aa latencyassociated peptide (LAP) and a 112 aa mature TGF-beta 3 (10, 11). Mature human TGF-beta 3 shows 100%, 99%, and 98% aa identity with mouse/dog/horse, rat, and pig TGF- beta 3, respectively. TGF-beta 3 is secreted as a complex with LAP. This latent form of TGF-beta 3 becomes active upon cleavage by plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin-1, and a subset of integrins (12). TGF-beta 3 binds with high affinity to TGF-beta RII, a type II serine/threonine kinase receptor. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates type I serine/threonine kinase receptors, TGF- beta RI or ALK-1, to modulate transcription through Smad phosphorylation (13-15). The divergent biological effects exerted by individual TGF-beta isoforms is dependent upon the recruitment of co-receptors (TGF- beta RIII and endoglin) and the subsequent initiation of Smad-dependent or -independent signaling pathways (14, 16, 17).
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