Gremlin 1 Antibody [Unconjugated]

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Gremlin was identified in a Xenopus expression-cloning screen as a dorsalizing factor that can induce a secondary axis. A rat homolog, called Drm, was identified as a cDNA that was downregulated in v-mos transfected cells. Gremlin/Drm belongs to the DAN family of secreted glycoproteins that are BMP antagonists. Other members of the family include: cerberus, Dante, PRDC, caronte and DAN. DAN family members share a cysteine-rich domain that is structurally related to the cysteine-knot motif found in TGF-beta superfamily ligands. In vitro, Gremlin/Drm binds BMP-4 and BMP-2 indicating that it might interfere with BMP signaling. Gremlin/Drm acts as a BMP-2/4 antagonist in a variety of tissues and developmental processes including: Xenopus animal cap explants, chick limb bud outgrowth and chondrogenesis, murine lung branching morphogenesis, and osteogenic differentiation of mouse myoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells. In addition, expression of Gremlin/Drm has been shown to be downregulated in a wide range of human cancer cell lines. Mouse, human, chick and Xenopus homologs of Gremlin share over 80% amino acid identity. It is likely that various DAN family members and other BMP antagonists including Noggin, Chordin, Follistatin and TSG can selectively antagonize the activities of different subsets of TGF-beta superfamily ligands.

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 4 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: Functional Assay, ICC, IHC, IHC-P, Neutralization, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 17. Show All 17 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using AF956	Applications	Species
Du, X;Xin, R;Chen, X;Wang, G;Huang, C;Zhou, K;Zhang, S; TAF15 regulates the BRD4/GREM1 axis and activates the gremlin-1-NF-kappa B pathway to promote OA progression Regenerative Therapy 2023-12-01 [PMID: 37496731] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Ying-Wen Wang, Wen-Yu Lin, Fang-Ju Wu, Ching-Wei Luo Unveiling the transcriptomic landscape and the potential antagonist feedback mechanisms of TGF-beta superfamily signaling module in bone and osteoporosis Cell Communication and Signaling 11/28/2022 [PMID: 36443839]
EG Vasquez, N Nasreddin, GN Valbuena, EJ Mulholland, HL Belnoue-Da, HR Eggington, RO Schenck, VM Wouters, P Wirapati, K Gilroy, TRM Lannagan, DJ Flanagan, AK Najumudeen, S Omwenga, AMB McCorry, A Easton, VH Koelzer, JE East, D Morton, L Trusolino, T Maughan, AD Campbell, MB Loughrey, PD Dunne, P Tsantoulis, DJ Huels, S Tejpar, OJ Sansom, SJ Leedham Dynamic and adaptive cancer stem cell population admixture in colorectal neoplasia Cell Stem Cell, 2022-08-04;29(8):1213-1228.e8. 2022-08-04 [PMID: 35931031] (IHC, Mouse)	IHC	Mouse
Mari Ichinose, Nobumi Suzuki, Tongtong Wang, Hiroki Kobayashi, Laura Vrbanac, Jia Q. Ng et al. The BMP antagonist gremlin 1 contributes to the development of cortical excitatory neurons, motor balance and fear responses Development 7/15/2021 [PMID: 34184027]
Yang Yang, Qi-Shan Zeng, Min Zou, Jian Zeng, Jiao Nie, DongFeng Chen et al. Targeting Gremlin 1 Prevents Intestinal Fibrosis Progression by Inhibiting the Fatty Acid Oxidation of Fibroblast Cells Frontiers in Pharmacology 4/22/2021 [PMID: 33967807]
SP Hong, MJ Yang, H Cho, I Park, H Bae, K Choe, SH Suh, RH Adams, K Alitalo, D Lim, GY Koh Distinct fibroblast subsets regulate lacteal integrity through YAP/TAZ-induced VEGF-C in intestinal villi Nat Commun, 2020-08-14;11(1):4102. 2020-08-14 [PMID: 32796823] (IHC, Mouse)	IHC	Mouse
L Meng, X Teng, Y Liu, C Yang, S Wang, W Yuan, J Meng, H Chi, L Duan, X Liu Vital Roles of Gremlin-1 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Induced by Systemic-to-Pulmonary Shunts J Am Heart Assoc, 2020-07-31;9(15):e016586. 2020-07-31 [PMID: 32750294] (Functional Assay, IHC, Neutralization, Human, Rat)	Functional Assay, IHC, Neutralization	Human, Rat
Louise R. Dutton, Owen P. Hoare, Amy M.B. McCorry, Keara L. Redmond, Noor Eisa Adam, Shannon Canamara et al. Fibroblast-derived Gremlin1 localises to epithelial cells at the base of the intestinal crypt Oncotarget 7/23/2019 [PMID: 31384391]
Chang Song Ho, Mori Daisuke, Kobayashi Hiroshi et al. Excessive mechanical loading promotes osteoarthritis through the gremlin-1-NF- kappa B pathway. Frontiers in Immunology 3/29/2019 [PMID: 30926814]
LW Gamer, S Pregizer, J Gamer, M Feigenson, A Ionescu, Q Li, L Han, V Rosen The role of Bmp2 in the maturation and maintenance of the murine knee joint J. Bone Miner. Res., 2018-06-13;0(0):. 2018-06-13 [PMID: 29665134] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
V Damioli, A Salvadori, GP Beretta, C Ravelli, S Mitola Multi-physics interactions drive VEGFR2 relocation on endothelial cells Sci Rep, 2017-12-01;7(1):16700. 2017-12-01 [PMID: 29196628] (ICC, Bovine)	ICC	Bovine
Katri Koli, Eva Sutinen, Mikko Rönty, Pia Rantakari, Vittorio Fortino, Ville Pulkkinen et al. Gremlin-1 Overexpression in Mouse Lung Reduces Silica-Induced Lymphocyte Recruitment – A Link to Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis through Negative Correlation with CXCL10 Chemokine PLOS ONE 7/18/2016 [PMID: 27428020]
Dustin Staloch, Xuxia Gao, Ka Liu, Meihua Xu, Xueping Feng, Judith F. Aronson et al. Gremlin is a key pro-fibrogenic factor in chronic pancreatitis Journal of Molecular Medicine 10/1/2015 [PMID: 26141517]
Droguett A, Krall P, Burgos M, Valderrama G, Carpio D, Ardiles L, Rodriguez-Diez R, Kerr B, Walz K, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Mezzano S Tubular overexpression of gremlin induces renal damage susceptibility in mice. PLoS ONE, 2014-07-18;9(7):e101879. 2014-07-18 [PMID: 25036148] (ICC, Human)	ICC	Human
Eric E. Nilsson, Ginger Larsen, Michael K. Skinner Roles of Gremlin 1 and Gremlin 2 in regulating ovarian primordial to primary follicle transition REPRODUCTION 6/1/2014 [PMID: 24614542]
Kelley R, Ren R, Pi X, Wu Y, Moreno I, Willis M, Moser M, Ross M, Podkowa M, Attisano L, Patterson C A concentration-dependent endocytic trap and sink mechanism converts Bmper from an activator to an inhibitor of Bmp signaling. J. Cell Biol., 2009-02-16;184(4):597-609. 2009-02-16 [PMID: 19221194] (Western Blot, Mouse)	Western Blot	Mouse
Stabile H, Mitola S, Moroni E, Belleri M, Nicoli S, Coltrini D, Peri F, Pessi A, Orsatti L, Talamo F, Castronovo V, Waltregny D, Cotelli F, Ribatti D, Presta M Bone morphogenic protein antagonist Drm/gremlin is a novel proangiogenic factor. Blood, 2006-10-31;109(5):1834-40. 2006-10-31 [PMID: 17077323] (IHC-P, Western Blot, Bovine, Human)	IHC-P, Western Blot	Bovine, Human
Show All 17 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
	4 reviewed by: Verified Customer	IHC-P	Rat	01/12/2015	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin Sample Tested See PMID 23832098 Species Rat

Array AF956

• Gremlin 1 Antibodies
• Gremlin 1 ELISA Kits
• Gremlin 1 Lysate
• Gremlin 1 Proteins
• Gremlin 1 ELISAs
• Gremlin 1 Proteins and Enzymes