p21/CIP1/CDKN1A Antibody (WA-1)

p21 (WAF1), a member of the cycle dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor family, was first identified as a tumor suppressor or anti-oncogenic protein and negative regulator of the cell cycle. Over the years it became apparent that p21 has broad functions in regulating fundamental cellular programs including proliferation, differentiation, migration, senescence, and has both anti-oncogenic and oncogenic properties (reviewed in Romanov, 2012). Many antibody and other studies have demonstrated that p21 levels are frequently elevated in situations associated with reduced proliferation, including differentiation and senescence, and decreased in proliferative states. Subcellular localization may significant and nuclear antibody staining may be indicative of p21 functioning as a cell cycle inhibitor, tumor suppressor, or in a senescence program. In contrast, cytoplasmic antibody staining may indicate p21 is acting an oncogene through regulatation of migration, proliferation, or apoptosis.

It is interesting to note that p21 expression is induced by wild type, but not mutant p53. The HJ21/WA-1 antibody clone has been used to demonstrate this phenomenon by western blot (Blaydes, 2001). The inability of mutant p53 to induce p21 essentially means that normal functions of p21 are compromised when p53 gene mutations are present. Since p53 gene mutations are present in up to 50% of human cancers, the loss of p21 function in cancer is significant.

In its normal functioning state, p21 binds to cyclin/CDK complexes. When it binds to these complexes, it inhibits their kinase activity which, in turn, stops cell cycle progression and hence p21 gains its reputation as a mitotic cell cycle inhibitor. In this regard, the antibody showed that decreased Cdk2-cyclin E1 activity corresponded with a decrease in cyclin E1 and increase in p21 protein levels (White, 2005).

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: IF/IHC, IHC, IHC-P, In vivo assay, WB, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 24. Show All 24 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP2-29463	Applications	Species
Inés Muela-Zarzuela, Juan Miguel Suarez-Rivero, Andrea Gallardo-Orihuela, Chun Wang, Kumi Izawa, Marta de Gregorio-Procopio, Isabelle Couillin, Bernhard Ryffel, Jiro Kitaura, Alberto Sanz, Thomas von Zglinicki, Gabriel Mbalaviele, Mario D Cordero NLRP1 inflammasome promotes senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] 2024-06-21 [PMID: 38907167]
Kim JM, Dziobaka S, Yoon YE et al. OR2H2 Activates CAMKK?-AMPK-Autophagy Signaling Axis and Suppresses Senescence in VK2/E6E7 Cells Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023-08-29 [PMID: 37765029] (Western Blot, In vivo assay)	Western Blot, In vivo assay
Pathmanapan, S;Poon, R;De Renshaw, TB;Nadesan, P;Nakagawa, M;Seesankar, GA;Ho Loe, AK;Zhang, HH;Guinovart, JJ;Duran, J;Newgard, CB;Wunder, JS;Alman, BA; Mutant IDH regulates glycogen metabolism from early cartilage development to malignant chondrosarcoma formation Cell reports 2023-06-01 [PMID: 37267108] (IHC, Mouse, Human)	IHC	Mouse, Human
Muela-Zarzuela IS, Suarez-Rivero JM, Gallardo-Orihuela A et al. NLRP1 inflammasome modulates senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-02-10 [PMID: 36798300] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Li X, Kaur N, Albahrani ME et al. Crosstalk between Protein Kinase C alpha and Transforming Growth Factor beta Signaling Mediated by Runx2 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells The Journal of biological chemistry 2023-02-13 [PMID: 36791912] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Kim JS, Lee HL, Jeong JH et al. OR2AT4, an Ectopic Olfactory Receptor, Suppresses Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence in Human Keratinocytes Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2022-11-03 [PMID: 36358552] (WB, Human) Details: Dilution used in ICC 1:200	WB	Human
Kaur N, Lum M, Lewis RE et al. A novel anti-proliferative PKCalpha-Ras-ERK signaling axis in intestinal epithelial cells The Journal of biological chemistry 2022-06-10 [PMID: 35697074] (WB)	WB
Saleh T, Alhesa A, Al-Balas M et al. Expression of therapy-induced senescence markers in breast cancer samples upon incomplete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy Bioscience reports 2021-05-28 [PMID: 33948615] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Kaczorowski A, Tolstov Y, Falkenstein M et al. Rearranged ERG confers robustness to prostate cancer cells by subverting the function of p53 Urol. Oncol. 2020-07-13 [PMID: 32674955] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Couture R, Mora N, Al Bittar S, et al. Luteolin modulates gene expression related to steroidogenesis, apoptosis, and stress response in rat LC540 tumor Leydig cells Cell Biol. Toxicol. 2019-06-14 [PMID: 31201582]
Aratani S, Tagawa M, Nagasaka S et al. Radiation-induced premature cellular senescence involved in glomerular diseases in rats. Sci Rep. 2018-11-14 [PMID: 30429495] (IHC-P, Rat)	IHC-P	Rat
Huang X, Huang R, Gou S et al. Platinum(IV) complexes conjugated with phenstatin analogue as inhibitors of microtubule polymerization and reverser of multidrug resistance Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2017-07-08 [PMID: 28728896] (Human)		Human
Silke Kiessling, Lou Beaulieu-Laroche, Ian D. Blum, Dominic Landgraf, David K. Welsh, Kai-Florian Storch, Nathalie Labrecque, Nicolas Cermakian Enhancing circadian clock function in cancer cells inhibits tumor growth BMC Biology 2017-02-14 [PMID: 28196531]
Xiang J, Yang S, Xin N et al. DYRK1A regulates Hap1-Dcaf7/WDR68 binding with implication for delayed growth in Down syndrome Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 2017-01-30 [PMID: 28137862] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Ge X, Pettan-Brewer C, Morton J et al. Mitochondrial catalase suppresses naturally occurring lung cancer in old mice. Pathobiol Aging Age Relat Dis 2015-09-24 [PMID: 26400209] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Romanov VS, Pospelov VA, Pospelova TV. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1): contemporary view on its role in senescence and oncogenesis. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2012-06-01 [PMID: 22817456]
Koike M, Yutoku Y, Koike A. Accumulation of p21 proteins at DNA damage sites independent of p53 and core NHEJ factors following irradiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011-08-19 [PMID: 21787748]
Nobre RJ, Herraez-Hernandez E, Fei JW et al. E7 oncoprotein of novel human papillomavirus type 108 lacking the E6 gene induces dysplasia in organotypic keratinocyte cultures. J Virol. 2009-04-01 [PMID: 19153227] (IHC-P, WB, Human) Details: Human keratinocyte oragnotypic raft cultures: IHC (paraffin), Fig3A; WB, Fig 3B.	IHC-P, WB	Human
Rossner P Jr, Binkova B, Milcova A et al. Air pollution by carcinogenic PAHs and plasma levels of p53 and p21(WAF1) proteins. Mutat Res. 2007-07-01 [PMID: 17408702] (Human) Details: Direct ELISA (human blood plasma), CLONE SPECIFC Tables 1-3. Note: The specificity of the p21 antibody for p21 was validated with recombinant p21 by direct ELISA in Tables 1-3.		Human
Scott MT, Ingram A, Ball KL. PDK1-dependent activation of atypical PKC leads to degradation of the p21 tumour modifier protein. EMBO J. 2002-12-16 [PMID: 12485998] (WB) Details: WB: (HeLa), Fig 3D.	WB
Exline JE Targeting the Subacute Progression of Hippocampal Cellular Senescence Following Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Thesis 2023-01-01
Rossner P Jr, Binkova B, Chvatalova I et al. Acrylonitrile exposure: the effect on p53 and p21(WAF1) protein levels in the blood plasma of occupationally exposed workers and in vitro in human diploid lung fibroblasts. Mutat Res. 2002-05-27 [PMID: 12034325] (WB) Details: Direct ELISA (human blood plasma), Tables 3-5; WB (primary human lung fibroblasts), Fig 3. The specificity of the p21 antibody for p21 was validated with recombinant p21 by direct ELISA in Tables 3-5.	WB
Blaydes JP, Luciani MG, Pospisilova S et al. Stoichiometric phosphorylation of human p53 at Ser315 stimulates p53-dependent transcription. J Biol Chem. 2001-02-16 [PMID: 11078726] (WB) Details: WB (SAOS), Fig 5.	WB
Uy D, White ET, Oka T. Observation of Delta|k - l | = 3 Transitions in the nu3 Band of H3 O+ J Mol Spectrosc. 1997-06-01 [PMID: 9252294] (WB) Details: WB (NIH3T3, MEF, ES EPL cells), Figs 1D, 3A.	WB
Show All 24 Publications. Collapse Publications.

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• p21/CIP1/CDKN1A Antibodies
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• p21/CIP1/CDKN1A ELISA