CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (FA-11) - BSA Free

Human CD68, also known as GP110, LAMP4, Scavenger Receptor D1 (SR-D1) or macrosialin in mouse, encodes a 110-kD transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the lysosomal/endosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family. Members of the LAMP family include LAMP-1, LAMP-2, dendritic cell (DC)-LAMP (aka CD208), and brain and dendritic cell-associated (BAD)-LAMP (aka LAMP-5). Unlike the two LAMP domains facing the lysosomal lumen in LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, CD68 has a single LAMP domain containing four cystines spaced 36-37 residues apart along with an N-terminal Mucin-like domain. The 354 amino acid (a.a.) human CD68 and 326 a.a. murine ortholog share 80.6% a.a. sequence identity (1).

CD68 is highly expressed in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system such as macrophages, microglia, osteoclasts, and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs); and is expressed to a lesser extent in lymphoid cells (CD19+ B lymphocytes and CD4+ T lymphocytes), human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), fibroblasts, endothelial cells, multiple non-hematopoietic cancer cell lines, and human arterial intimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Expression has been also observed in diseased states for granulocytes and neutrophils, in particular basophils from myeloproliferative disorders and intestinal neutrophils from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively (1).

Although the function of CD68 has yet to be established, it has often been used as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker of inflammation and for granular cell tumors (GCTs). CD68+ tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) has been suggested to be a predictive marker for poor cancer prognosis, but a meta-analysis showed the presence of CD68 is not correlated with survival (2). In addition, a role in hepatic malaria infection has been reported based on the finding that peptide P39 binds CD68, considered a receptor for malaria sporozoite, and inhibits parasite entry into Kupffer cells. CD68 was deemed a member of the Scavenger receptor family due to its upregulation in macrophages following inflammatory stimuli, ability to bind modified LDL, phosphatidylserine, and apoptotic cells, as well as shuttling between the plasma membrane and endosomes. CD68 has been linked to atherogenesis based on binding and internalization of its ligand, oxLDL (1).

References

1. Chistiakov, DA, Killingsworth, MC, Myasoedova, VA. Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. (2017) CD68/macrosialin: not just a histochemical marker. Lab Invest. 97:4-13. PMID: 27869795

2. Troiano G, Caponio VCA, Adipietro I, Tepedino M, Santoro R, Laino L, Lo Russo L, Cirillo N, Lo Muzio L. (2019) Prognostic significance of CD68+ and CD163+ tumor associated macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol. 93:66-75. PMID: 31109698.

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Mouse.

We have publications tested in 10 applications: FLOW, Func, ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 40. Show All 40 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP2-33337	Applications	Species
Fan W, Liu P, Tan L et al. Tet2 modulates M2 macrophage polarization via mRNA 5-methylcytosine in allergic rhinitis. International immunopharmacology 2024-10-31 [PMID: 39486186]
Rong Bao, Shuiyuan Wang, Xiaoxian Liu, Kejun Tu, Jingquan Liu, Xiaohe Huang, Chunsen Liu, Peng Zhou, Shen Liu Neuromorphic electro-stimulation based on atomically thin semiconductor for damage-free inflammation inhibition Nature Communications 2024-02-13 [PMID: 38351088]
Zhang W, Xu M, Chen F et al. Targeting the JAK2-STAT3 pathway to inhibit cGAS-STING activation improves neuronal senescence after ischemic stroke Experimental neurology 2023-07-05 [PMID: 37419174]
Warner WS, Stubben C, Yeoh S et al. Next-generation RNA sequencing elucidates transcriptomic signatures of pathophysiologic nerve regeneration Scientific reports 2023-05-31 [PMID: 37258605] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Chung BS, Liao IC, Lin PC et al. PD-L1 Expression in High-Risk Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer-Its Clinical and Biological Significance in Immune Microenvironment International journal of molecular sciences 2022-10-31 [PMID: 36362062] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Richner M, GonCalves NP, Jensen PH et al. Recombinant adeno-associated virus mediated gene delivery in the extracranial nervous system of adult mice by direct nerve immersion STAR Protocols 2022-03-01 [PMID: 35243373]
Mahmud F, Roy R, Mohamed MF et al. Therapeutic evaluation of immunomodulators in reducing surgical wound infection FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2022-01-01 [PMID: 34907595] (Mouse)		Mouse
Huang J, Fan C, Chen Y Et al. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals functionally distinct biomaterial degradation-related macrophage populations Biomaterials 2021-10-01 [PMID: 34478932] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Mouse)	ICC/IF, IF/IHC	Mouse
Ferreira N, Richner M, van der Laan A et al. Prodromal neuroinvasion of pathological ?-synuclein in brainstem reticular nuclei and white matter lesions in a model of ?-synucleinopathy Brain Communications 2021-05-14 [PMID: 34136810] (Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence)	Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
Li Y, Dong M, Wang Q et al. HIMF deletion ameliorates acute myocardial ischemic injury by promoting macrophage transformation to reparative subtype Basic research in cardiology 2021-04-23 [PMID: 33893593] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Zhai M, Luan P, Shi Y, et al. Identification of Three Significant Genes Associated with Immune Cells Infiltration in Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue-Induced Insulin-Resistance of Obese Patients via Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis International Journal of Endocrinology 2021-01-22 [PMID: 33564304] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Magarotto F, Sgrò A, Dorigo Hochuli AH, et al. Muscle functional recovery is driven by extracellular vesicles combined with muscle extracellular matrix in a volumetric muscle loss murine model Biomaterials 2021-01-07 [PMID: 33461058] (ICC/IF, Mouse)	ICC/IF	Mouse
Tian S, Nakamura J, Hiller S et al. New insights into immunomodulation via overexpressing lipoic acid synthase as a therapeutic potential to reduce atherosclerosis Vascul. Pharmacol. 2020-08-01 [PMID: 32750408] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Yang X, Chen S, Shao Z et al. Apolipoprotein E Deficiency Exacerbates Spinal Cord Injury in Mice: Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress Mediated by NF-kB Signaling Pathway Front Cell Neurosci 2018-05-23 [PMID: 29875635] (ICC/IF, Mouse)	ICC/IF	Mouse
Chen YF, Chen LH, Yeh YM et al. Minoxidil is a potential neuroprotective drug for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Sci Rep. 2017-03-28 [PMID: 28349969] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Kanters E, Pasparakis M, Gijbels MJ et al. Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in macrophages increases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Clin Invest. [PMID: 14561702]
te Velde EA, Kusters B, Maass C et al. Histological analysis of defective colonic healing as a result of angiostatin treatment. Exp Mol Pathol. [PMID: 14516772]
Linehan SA, Coulson PS, Wilson RA et al. IL-4 receptor signaling is required for mannose receptor expression by macrophages recruited to granulomata but not resident cells in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Lab Invest. [PMID: 12920251] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Simonen M, Pedersen V, Weinmann O et al. Systemic deletion of the myelin-associated outgrowth inhibitor Nogo-A improves regenerative and plastic responses after spinal cord injury. Neuron. [PMID: 12718855] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Morioka J, Kajiwara K, Yoshikawa K et al. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of B7.1 induces immunological anti-tumor effects in a murine brain tumor. J Neurooncol. [PMID: 12416541] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: CD68/Macrosialin antibody (clone FA11) was used for ICC/IF staining of bone-marrow-derived macrophages from BALB/c mice transfected or not with Toxoplasma gondii.	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Sasaki A, Shoji M, Harigaya Y et al. Amyloid cored plaques in Tg2576 transgenic mice are characterized by giant plaques, slightly activated microglia, and the lack of paired helical filament-typed, dystrophic neurites. Virchows Arch. [PMID: 12404061] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Courret N, Frehel C, Gouhier N et al. Biogenesis of Leishmania-harbouring parasitophorous vacuoles following phagocytosis of the metacyclic promastigote or amastigote stages of the parasites. J Cell Sci. [PMID: 12006615] (ICC/IF, Mouse) Details: CD68/Macrosialin antibody (clone FA11) was used for ICC/IF staining of paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixed murine macrophages	ICC/IF	Mouse
McLellan AD, Kapp M, Eggert A et al. Anatomic location and T-cell stimulatory functions of mouse dendritic cell subsets defined by CD4 and CD8 expression. Blood. 2002-03-15 [PMID: 11877283] (FLOW, Mouse) Details: This citation used the FITC version of this antibody.	FLOW	Mouse
Mueller CG, Cremer I, Paulet PE et al. Mannose receptor ligand-positive cells express the metalloprotease decysin in the B cell follicle. J Immunol. [PMID: 11673514] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Guenther K, Deacon RM, Perry VH, Rawlins JN. Early behavioural changes in scrapie-affected mice and the influence of dapsone. Eur J Neurosci. [PMID: 11553290]
Hemmi H, Yoshino M, Yamazaki H et al. Skin antigens in the steady state are trafficked to regional lymph nodes by transforming growth factor-beta1-dependent cells. Int Immunol. [PMID: 11312257] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Feng L, Wang Q, Li Y et al. Ablation of Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor promotes cardiac repair after myocardial infarction by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in macrophage Research Square 2021-09-15 (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Gough PJ, Gordon S, Greaves DR. The use of human CD68 transcriptional regulatory sequences to direct high-level expression of class A scavenger receptor in macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Immunology. [PMID: 11454064] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Uchida T, Kajiwara K, Ideguchi M et al. Co-administration of adenovirus vector expressing CTLA4-Ig prolongs transgene expression in the brain of mice sensitized with adenovirus. Brain Res. [PMID: 11306013] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Feng L, Wang Q, Li Y et al. Ablation of Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor promotes cardiac repair after myocardial infarction by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in macrophage Research Square Sep 15 2021 (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Linehan SA, Martinez-Pomares L, da Silva RP, Gordon S. Endogenous ligands of carbohydrate recognition domains of the mannose receptor in murine macrophages, endothelial cells and secretory cells; potential relevance to inflammation and immunity. Eur J Immunol. [PMID: 11433382] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Walsh DT, Betmouni S, Perry VH. Absence of detectable IL-1beta production in murine prion disease: a model of chronic neurodegeneration. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. [PMID: 11273005] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: Monoclonal antibody clone FA11 against macrosialin (CD68, a lysosomal antigen in macrophages) was used for immunostaining alcohol fixed 10um coronal frozen sections of mouse brain (murine prion disease model of chronic neurodegeneration).	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Lang T, Ave P, Huerre M et al. Macrophage subsets harbouring Leishmania donovani in spleens of infected BALB/c mice: localization and characterization. Cell Microbiol. [PMID: 11207597] (IHC-P, ICC/IF, Mouse)	IHC-P, ICC/IF	Mouse
Bornemann KD, Wiederhold KH, Pauli C et al. Abeta-induced inflammatory processes in microglia cells of APP23 transgenic mice. Am J Pathol. [PMID: 11141480] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: Rat monoclonal FA-11 antibody against macrosialin(murine homologue of CD68 antigen) was used at 1:100 dilution for IHC on acetone fixed frozen brain sections of APP23 transgenic mice (Figure 4).	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Aramaki Y. Liposomes as immunomodulator--inhibitory effect of liposomes on NO production from macrophages. Biol Pharm Bull. [PMID: 11085350] (Func, Mouse)	Func	Mouse
Scott CL, Roe L, Curtis J et al. Mice unresponsive to GM-CSF are unexpectedly resistant to cutaneous Leishmania major infection. Microbes Infect. [PMID: 11008103] (FLOW, Mouse) Details: CD68/macrosialin antibody (clone FA/11) was used at 10ug/ml for FLOW analysis of peritoneal macrophages from beta-c-null mice which were subjected or not to cutaneous Leishmania major infection.	FLOW	Mouse
Yoshikawa K, Kajiwara K, Ideguchi M et al. Immune gene therapy of experimental mouse brain tumor with adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of murine interleukin-4. Cancer Immunol Immunother. [PMID: 10782863]
Shinomiya M, Nadano S, Shinomiya H, Onji M. In situ characterization of dendritic cells occurring in the islets of nonobese diabetic mice during the development of insulitis. Pancreas. [PMID: 10766456]
Van der Hoek KH, Maddocks S, Woodhouse CM et al. Intrabursal injection of clodronate liposomes causes macrophage depletion and inhibits ovulation in the mouse ovary. Biol Reprod. [PMID: 10727278] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Robertson SA, O'Connell AC, Hudson SN, Seamark RF. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) targets myeloid leukocytes in the uterus during the post-mating inflammatory response in mice. J Reprod Immunol. [PMID: 10706944] (FLOW, Mouse)	FLOW	Mouse
Show All 40 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array NBP2-33337

• CD68/SR-D1 Antibodies
• CD68/SR-D1 ELISA Kit
• CD68/SR-D1 Lysate
• CD68/SR-D1 Proteins
• CD68/SR-D1 Proteins and Enzymes