Recombinant Rat TIM-3 Fc Chimera Protein, CF

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) also known as HAVCR2, is a member of the TIM family of immune regulating molecules. TIMs are type I transmembrane glycoproteins with one Ig-like V-type domain, a Ser/Thr-rich mucin stalk region (1, 2). While lacking a specific immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM), the cytoplasmic domain of TIM-3 contains a conserved region of five tyrosine residues important for downstream signaling (3). A soluble form of TIM-3 lacking the mucin stalk and transmembrane domains is formed as either a result of alternative splicing or metalloproteinase-dependent cleavage. Within the ECD, mature rat TIM-3 shares 60% and 69% amino acid sequence identity with human and mouse TIM-3, respectively. TIM-3 is up‑regulated on several populations of activated myeloid cells (macrophage, monocyte, dendritic cell, microglia, mast cell) and T cells (Th1, CD8+, NK, Treg) (3-10). Its binding to Galectin-9 induces a range of immunosuppressive functions which enhance immune tolerance and inhibit anti-tumor immunity (3,11). TIM-3 ligation attenuates CD8+ and Th1 cell responses (11-13) and promotes the activity of Treg and myeloid derived suppressor cells (8, 11, 13, 14). In addition, dendritic cell-expressed TIM-3 dampens inflammation by enabling the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and the cross-presentation of apoptotic cell antigens (4). It also binds the alarmin HMGB1, thereby preventing the activation of TLRs in response to released tumor cell DNA (7). TIM-3 interactions with Galectin-9 can alternatively trigger immune stimulatory effects, such as the coactivation of NK cell cytotoxicity (10).

Array 10489-TM

• TIM-3 Antibodies
• TIM-3 Antibody Pair
• TIM-3 Lysate
• TIM-3 Proteins
• TIM-3 Proteins and Enzymes
• TIM-3 ELISAs