GFAP Antibody

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class III intermediate filament protein that is largely expressed in astrocytes in addition to non-myelinating Schwann cells and glial cells (1,2). Other members of the type III intermediate filament family include desmin, peripherin, and vimentin (2-4). GFAP was first identified in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients (2). Human GFAP protein is 432 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~50 kDa (1,3). GFAP has at least 10 known isoforms, with the most prevalent and common in the brain being GFAP-alpha which is made of a head domain, a rod domain with four coils (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) joined by linker regions, and a tail domain (1). GFAP is a marker of mature astrocytes, but is also expressed throughout development in both fetal and adult neural stem cells (2). While the exact function of GFAP is still elusive, it has been shown to play a role in cellular processes such as migration, mitosis, structural integrity, and signaling (2).

An increase in GFAP levels is often associated with neuroinflammation which results in the activation and proliferation of astroglia cell population (1,2). GFAP expression is also observed in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, epilepsy disorders, and brain injuries (1-4). Lesion sites associated with neurodegeneration can exhibit an array of gliosis characteristics from glial scarring with reduced astrocyte proliferation to activated, GFAP-positive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques (2). Furthermore, the GFAP gene is a target of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region, considered a gain-of-function mutation, characterized by astrocytic inclusions, termed Rosenthal fibers, resulting in Alexander Disease (1-4). GFAP is also a center of many post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can alter various aspects of filament assembly (1,4).

References

1. Yang, Z., & Wang, K. K. (2015). Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003

2. Hol, E. M., & Capetanaki, Y. (2017). Type III Intermediate Filaments Desmin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Vimentin, and Peripherin. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021642

3. Potokar, M., Morita, M., Wiche, G., & Jorgacevski, J. (2020). The Diversity of Intermediate Filaments in Astrocytes. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9071604

4. Viedma-Poyatos, a., Pajares, M. A., & Perez-Sala, D. (2020). Type III intermediate filaments as targets and effectors of electrophiles and oxidants. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101582

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat.

We have publications tested in 7 applications: FLOW, IF/IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-FrFl, IHC-P, IHC-WhMt, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 19. Show All 19 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NB100-53809	Applications	Species
Kim J, de Haro M, Al-Ramahi I et al. Evolutionarily conserved regulators of tau identify targets for new therapies Neuron 2022-12-29 [PMID: 36610398] (IHC-FrFl, Mouse) Details: Brain samples, dilution used 1:2000	IHC-FrFl	Mouse
Liu X, Tang SS, Liu SM et al. Deficiency of astrocyte CysLT1R ameliorates depression-like behaviors in mice by modulating glutamate synaptic transmission Neurobiology of disease 2022-11-10 [PMID: 36371059] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: Dilution used in IHC-Fr 1:100	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Hogestyn JM, Salois G, Xie L et al. Expression of the human herpesvirus 6A latency-associated transcript U94A impairs cytoskeletal functions in human neural cells Molecular and cellular neurosciences 2022-08-30 [PMID: 36055520] (FLOW, Human)	FLOW	Human
Silburt J, Aubert I MORPHIOUS: an unsupervised machine learning workflow to detect the activation of microglia and astrocytes Journal of neuroinflammation 2022-01-29 [PMID: 35093113] (IF/IHC, Mouse, Rat)	IF/IHC	Mouse, Rat
Elahi A, Emerson J, Rudlong J Et al. Deletion or inhibition of astrocytic transglutaminase 2 promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury Cells 2021-09-18 [PMID: 34831164] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Lau A, So RWL, Lau HHC Alpha-Synuclein strains target distinct brain regions and cell types Nat. Neurosci. 2020-01-01 [PMID: 31792467] (IF/IHC, Mouse, Human)	IF/IHC	Mouse, Human
David LA Elucidating the Role of Pten in a Newly defined G0-GALERT Transition in Mammalian MUller glia Thesis 2021-01-01 (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Kofoed R, Heinen S, Silburt J Et al. Transgene distribution and immune response after ultrasound delivery of rAAV9 and PHP.B to the brain in a mouse model of amyloidosis Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development 2021-12-01 [PMID: 34761053] (IHC-FrFl, Mouse)	IHC-FrFl	Mouse
Shen HY, Weltha L, Cook JM et al. Sarcosine Suppresses Epileptogenesis in Rats With Effects on Hippocampal DNA Methylation Front Mol Neurosci 2020-06-05 [PMID: 32581708] (IF/IHC, WB, Rat)	IF/IHC, WB	Rat
Rezwanul Islam, Hadi Hasan Choudhary, Hritik Mehta, Feng Zhang, Tudor G Jovin, Khalid A Hanafy Development of a 3D Brain Model to Study Sex-Specific Neuroinflammation After Hemorrhagic Stroke. Translational stroke research 2024-04-01 [PMID: 38558012]
Emma Partiot, Barbara Gorda, Willy Lutz, Solène Lebrun, Pierre Khalfi, Stéphan Mora, Benoit Charlot, Karim Majzoub, Solange Desagher, Gowrishankar Ganesh, Sophie Colomb, Raphael Gaudin Organotypic culture of human brain explants as a preclinical model for AI-driven antiviral studies EMBO Molecular Medicine 2024-03-12 [PMID: 38472366]
Colvett I, Gilmore A, Guzman S et al. Recipient Reaction and Composition of Autologous Sural Nerve Tissue Grafts into the Human Brain Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023-09-22 [PMID: 37834764] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Schreib CC, Jarvis MI, Terlier T et al. Lipid Deposition Profiles Influence Foreign Body Responses Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) 2023-05-01 [PMID: 36871193]
Zhu X, Schrader JM, Irizarry BA et al. Impact of A beta 40 and A beta 42 Fibrils on the Transcriptome of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia Biomedicines 2022-11-19 [PMID: 36428550] (IHC-Fr, Rat) Details: Fifteen-month-old rTgF344-AD rat brain sections, dilution used 1:200	IHC-Fr	Rat
Kofoed RH, Noseworthy K, Wu K et al. The engineered AAV2-HBKO promotes non-invasive gene delivery to large brain regions beyond ultrasound targeted sites Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development 2022-12-08 [PMID: 36284767]
Xhima K, Nabbouh F, Hynynen K et al. Noninvasive delivery of an a-synuclein gene silencing vector with magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound. Mov. Disord. 2018-09-28 [PMID: 30264465] (Mouse)		Mouse
Pelayo JC, Veldhuis NA, Eriksson EM et al. Localisation and activation of the neurokinin 1 receptor in the enteric nervous system of the mouse distal colon. Cell Tissue Res. 2014-04-12 [PMID: 24728885] (IHC-Fr, IHC-WhMt, Mouse)	IHC-Fr, IHC-WhMt	Mouse
Korolainen MA, Auriola S, Nyman TA et al. Proteomic analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer's disease and aging brain. Neurobiol Dis 2005-12-01 [PMID: 15979880]
Show All 19 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array NB100-53809

• GFAP Antibodies
• GFAP ELISA Kits
• GFAP Lysate
• GFAP Proteins
• GFAP ELISA