Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Preservative
No Preservative
Concentration
LYOPH
Reconstitution Instructions
Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
Notes
This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.
Alternate Names for VAP-1/AOC3 Antibody (393112) [Unconjugated]
amine oxidase, copper containing 3 (vascular adhesion protein 1)
AOC3
Copper amine oxidase
EC 1.4.3
HPAO
HPAOSSAO
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase
SSAO
VAP1
VAP-1
VAP1EC 1.4.3.21
VAP-1membrane primary amine oxidase
Vascular adhesion protein 1
Background
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), also called AOC3 (amine oxidase copper-containing 3) or SSAO (semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase), is a copper amine oxidase with a topaquinone cofactor. VAP-1 is a Type II integral membrane protein, but a soluble form of the enzyme is present in human serum, and its level increases in diabetes and some inflammatory liver diseases (1, 2). Human and mouse VAP-1 share 83% amino acid sequence identity. VAP-1 catalyzes the oxidative deamination of small primary amines such as methylamine, benzylamine, and aminoacetone in a reaction that produces an aldehyde, ammonia, and H2O2 (3). The enzyme is sensitive to inhibition by semicarbazide. VAP-1 expression is highest in the endothelium of lung, heart, and intestine, but low in tissues such as brain, spleen, kidney, and liver (4). VAP-1 vascular expression is regulated at sites of inflammation through its release from intracellular granules in which the protein is stored (5). The adhesive function of VAP-1 has been demonstrated in studies showing that the protein is important for the adherence of certain lymphocyte subtypes to inflamed endothelial tissues (6). VAP-1 mediated adhesion is involved in the process of leukocyte extravasation, an important feature of inflammatory responses. The role of VAP-1 amine oxidase activity in this process is not fully defined, but it appears to be carbohydrate-dependent (7). VAP-1 is considered to be a therapeutic target for diabetes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory diseases (8).
Kurkijärvi, R. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:1549.
Gearing, A.J.H. and W. Newman (1993) Immunol. Today 14:506.
Lizcano, J.M. et al. (1998) Biochem. J. 331:69.
Smith, D.J. et al. (1998) J. Exp. Med. 188:17.
Jaakkala K. et al. (2000) Am. J. Pathol. 157:463.
Salmi, M. and J. Jalkanen (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:211.
Salmi, M. and J. Jalkanen (1996) J. Exp. Med. 183:569.
Dunkel, P. et al. (2008) Curr. Med. Chem. 15:1827.
Limitations
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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