GFAP Antibody (GA-5) [DyLight 594]

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class III intermediate filament protein that is largely expressed in astrocytes in addition to non-myelinating Schwann cells and glial cells (1,2). Other members of the type III intermediate filament family include desmin, peripherin, and vimentin (2-4). GFAP was first identified in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients (2). Human GFAP protein is 432 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~50 kDa (1,3). GFAP has at least 10 known isoforms, with the most prevalent and common in the brain being GFAP-alpha which is made of a head domain, a rod domain with four coils (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) joined by linker regions, and a tail domain (1). GFAP is a marker of mature astrocytes, but is also expressed throughout development in both fetal and adult neural stem cells (2). While the exact function of GFAP is still elusive, it has been shown to play a role in cellular processes such as migration, mitosis, structural integrity, and signaling (2).

An increase in GFAP levels is often associated with neuroinflammation which results in the activation and proliferation of astroglia cell population (1,2). GFAP expression is also observed in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, epilepsy disorders, and brain injuries (1-4). Lesion sites associated with neurodegeneration can exhibit an array of gliosis characteristics from glial scarring with reduced astrocyte proliferation to activated, GFAP-positive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques (2). Furthermore, the GFAP gene is a target of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region, considered a gain-of-function mutation, characterized by astrocytic inclusions, termed Rosenthal fibers, resulting in Alexander Disease (1-4). GFAP is also a center of many post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can alter various aspects of filament assembly (1,4).

References

1. Yang, Z., & Wang, K. K. (2015). Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003

2. Hol, E. M., & Capetanaki, Y. (2017). Type III Intermediate Filaments Desmin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Vimentin, and Peripherin. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021642

3. Potokar, M., Morita, M., Wiche, G., & Jorgacevski, J. (2020). The Diversity of Intermediate Filaments in Astrocytes. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9071604

4. Viedma-Poyatos, a., Pajares, M. A., & Perez-Sala, D. (2020). Type III intermediate filaments as targets and effectors of electrophiles and oxidants. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101582

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Primate.

We have publications tested in 1 application: IHC-P.

Showing Publications 1 - 4 of 4.

Publications using NBP2-33184DL594	Applications	Species
Amossé Q, Tournier B, Badina A et al. Altered astrocytic and microglial homeostasis characterizes a decreased proinflammatory state in bipolar disorder bioRxiv 2023-11-02 (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Tisoncik-Go J, Stokes C, Whitmore LS et al. Disruption of myelin structure and oligodendrocyte maturation in a pigtail macaque model of congenital Zika infection bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-10-14 [PMID: 37873381] (IHC-P, Primate) Details: Pigtail Macaque	IHC-P	Primate
Kremsky I, Ali S, Stanbouly S et al. Spaceflight-Induced Gene Expression Profiles in the Mouse Brain Are Attenuated by Treatment with the Antioxidant BuOE Int J Mol Sci 2023-09-01 [PMID: 37686374]
Mao J, Bao Y, Liu F et al. Microglia-Derived Adam9 Regulates Ghrh Neuron Pyroptosis in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage papers.ssrn.com 2023-11-01

Array NBP2-33184DL594

• GFAP Antibodies
• GFAP ELISA Kits
• GFAP Lysate
• GFAP Proteins
• GFAP ELISA