CD8 Antibody

CD8, also known as Leu-2 or T8 in human and Lyt2 or Lyt3 in mouse, is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin supergene family (1, 2). CD8 is expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-cells), most thymocytes, between 35-45% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and a population of natural killer (NK) cells (1, 2). The CD8 molecule consists of disulfide-linked alpha (alpha) and beta (beta) chains that present on T-cells as either CD8alphaalpha homodimers or CD8alphabeta heterodimers (1, 3). Both alpha and beta chains consist of a signaling sequence, an extracellular Ig-like domain, a membrane proximal stalk region, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (3). Human CD8alpha is processed as 235 amino acids (aa) in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~26 kDa, while mouse CD8alpha is 247 aa and has a theoretical molecular weight of 27.5 kDa (4, 5). Functionally, CD8 acts as an antigen coreceptor on cytotoxic T-cells and interacts with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs), mediating cell-cell interactions within the immune system. Conversely, CD4 molecules interact with antigens presented on MHC class II molecules and are activated to become helper T-cells (TH) (1,2). Interestingly, thymocytes can transiently express both CD4 and CD8 during the maturation process (2). Furthermore, the cytoplasmic tail of CD8 has a Lck (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase) binding domain where Lck interacts with CD8, initiating a phosphorylation cascade that activates transcription factors and promotes T-cell activation (6). More specifically, CD8alphabeta functions as a T-cell co-receptor, while CD8alphaalpha promotes T-cell survival and differentiation (7).

Given its role in the immune system, CD8-deficiency in T-cells is a hallmark of many diseases and pathologies (8-10). Specifically, CD8+ T-cell deficiency is prevalent in chronic autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and Graves' disease (8). Furthermore, cancers or chronic infection can lead to CD8 T-cell exhaustion as the continual antigen presentation and inflammatory signals eventually cause the CD8+ T-cells to lose functionality (9, 10). However, animal models and clinical studies have suggested that T-cells are capable of being reinvigorated using inhibitory receptor blockade resulting in better disease outcomes and these exhausted T-cells may be a potential therapeutic target (9, 10).

Alternative names for CD8 includes CD antigen: CD8a, CD8 antigen, alpha polypeptide (p32), CD8a molecule, CD8A, Leu2 T-lymphocyte antigen, LEU2, MAL, OKT8 T-cell antigen, p32, T cell co-receptor, T8 T-cell antigen, T-cell antigen Leu2, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain, and T-lymphocyte differentiation antigen T8/Leu-2.

References

1. Littman D. R. (1987). The structure of the CD4 and CD8 genes. Annual review of immunology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.iy.05.040187.003021

2. Naeim F. (2008). Chapter 2- Principles of Immunophenotyping. Hematopathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-370607-2.00002-8.

3. Gao, G. F., & Jakobsen, B. K. (2000). Molecular interactions of coreceptor CD8 and MHC class I: the molecular basis for functional coordination with the T-cell receptor. Immunology today. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5699(00)01750-3

4. UniProt (P01732)

5. UniProt (P01731)

6. Kappes D. J. (2007). CD4 and CD8: hogging all the Lck. Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.11.002

7. Gangadharan, D., & Cheroutre, H. (2004). The CD8 isoform CD8alphaalpha is not a functional homologue of the TCR co-receptor CD8alphabeta. Current opinion in immunology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2004.03.015

8. Pender M. P. (2012). CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity: A Unifying Hypothesis. Autoimmune diseases. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/189096

9. Kurachi M. (2019). CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Seminars in immunopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-019-00744-5

10. Hashimoto, M., Kamphorst, A. O., Im, S. J., Kissick, H. T., Pillai, R. N., Ramalingam, S. S., Araki, K., & Ahmed, R. (2018). CD8 T Cell Exhaustion in Chronic Infection and Cancer: Opportunities for Interventions. Annual review of medicine. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-012017-043208

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Porcine.

We have publications tested in 5 applications: Block/Neutralize, ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC-P, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 12. Show All 12 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP2-29475	Applications	Species
Eggenhuizen, PJ;Cheong, RMY;Lo, C;Chang, J;Ng, BH;Ting, YT;Monk, JA;Loh, KL;Broury, A;Tay, ESV;Shen, C;Zhong, Y;Lim, S;Chung, JX;Kandane-Rathnayake, R;Koelmeyer, R;Hoi, A;Chaudhry, A;Manzanillo, P;Snelgrove, SL;Morand, EF;Ooi, JD; Smith-specific regulatory T cells halt the progression of lupus nephritis Nature communications 2024-02-06 [PMID: 38321013]
Oswal N, Thangavel H, Lizardo K et al. Diets Differently Regulate Pulmonary Pathogenesis and Immune Signaling in Mice during Acute and Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Life (Basel, Switzerland) 2023-01-13 [PMID: 36676177] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Thangavel H, Lizardo K, Dhanyalayam D et al. Diets Differently Regulate Tumorigenesis in Young E0771 Syngeneic Breast Cancer Mouse Model Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023-01-04 [PMID: 36675341] (Western Blot)	Western Blot
Thangavel H, Dhanyalayam D, Lizardo K et al. Susceptibility of Fat Tissue to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Female hACE2 Mouse Model International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023-01-09 [PMID: 36674830] (Western Blot, Block/Neutralize)	Western Blot, Block/Neutralize
Dhanyalayam, D;Thangavel, H;Lizardo, K;Oswal, N;Dolgov, E;Perlin, D;Nagajyothi, J; Sex Differences in Cardiac Pathology of SARS-CoV2 Infected and Trypanosoma cruzi Co-infected Mice Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine [PMID: 35369283]
Nicolas AM, Pesic M, Engel E et al. Inflammatory fibroblasts mediate resistance to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer Cancer cell 2022-02-14 [PMID: 35120600] (IF/IHC)	IF/IHC
Ji Y, Fan X, Zhang Y et al. Glycine regulates mucosal immunity and the intestinal microbial composition in weaned piglets Amino acids 2021-04-11 [PMID: 33839961] (IF/IHC, Porcine)	IF/IHC	Porcine
Choi YW, Kim YH, Oh SY et al. Senescent Tumor Cells Build a Cytokine Shield in Colorectal Cancer Advanced Science 2021-01-04 [PMID: 33643790] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Mondal T, Shivange GN, Tihagam RG et al. Unexpected PD-L1 immune evasion mechanism in TNBC, ovarian, and other solid tumors by DR5 agonist antibodies EMBO molecular medicine 2021-02-15 [PMID: 33587338]
Fodil N, Moradin N, Leung V et al. CCDC88B is required for pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Commun. 2017-10-13 [PMID: 29030607] (ICC/IF, Mouse)	ICC/IF	Mouse
Vieyra-Garcia P Pathophysiology of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Understanding of neoplastic Tcells and non-malignant infiltrate in lesional skin Thesis 2016-01-01 (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
Byun JK, Park M, Lee S et al. Inhibition of Glutamine Utilization Synergizes with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor to Promote Antitumor Immunity J Virol 2020-11-04 [PMID: 33159855]
Show All 12 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
Enlarge	3 reviewed by: Mohamed Abdelnabi	ICC	Human	04/20/2017	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested Human Tonsil tissue Species Human Comments Comments Single staining of CD8 (red) on FFPE human tonsile sections.Nuclei are stained with DAPI(blue).CD8a Antibody [Unconjugated]NBP2-29475. Secondery antibody used is donkey anti-rabbit A647.

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