Recombinant Human EpCAM/TROP1 Fc Chimera Avi-tag Protein, CF

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Epithelial Cellular Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), also known as KS1/4, gp40, GA733-2, 17-1A, and TROP‑1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein originally identified as a tumor-associated antigen due to its high expression level in rapidly growing epithelial tumors (1). EpCAM is one of several cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that does not share the structural patterns found in the four major CAM families. Human EpCAM is composed of an extracellular domain (ECD) with two epidermal-growth-factor-like (EGF‑like) repeats, a single transmembrane domain, and a highly charged, short cytoplasmic domain. Within the mature ECD, human EpCAM shares 81% and 82% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat EpCAM respectively. During embryonic development, EpCAM is detected in fetal lung, kidney, liver, pancreas, skin, and germ cells (2). In adults, human EpCAM is detected in basolateral cell membranes of all simple, pseudo-stratified, and transitional epithelia, but is not detected in normal squamous stratified epithelia, mesenchymal tissue, muscular tissue, neuro-endocrine tissue, or lymphoid tissue (2). EpCAM expression has been found to increase in actively proliferating epithelia tissues and in human malignant neoplasias arising from squamousal epithelia (2, 3). It has been found that EpCAM is present on normal hepatic stem cells and is increased on cells with advanced cirrhosis due to the cells' proliferation through autocrine activation of Wnt signaling (4). Additionally, EpCAM may be beneficial in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) since HCC typically originates from a cirrhotic background (4). EpCAM has been shown function as a homophilic Ca2+ independent adhesion molecule (3). Homophilic adhesion via EpCAM requires the interaction of both EGF­like repeats, with the first EGF­like repeat mediating reciprocal interaction between EpCAM molecules on opposing cells, while the second repeat is involved in lateral interaction of EpCAM. Lateral interaction of EpCAM lead to the formation of dimers and tetramers (5). During homophilic adhesion the cytoplasmic tail of EpCAM interacts with the actin cytoskeleton via a direct association alpha ­actinin (6).

Array AVI960

• EpCAM/TROP1 Antibodies
• EpCAM/TROP1 Antibody Pairs
• EpCAM/TROP1 ELISA Kit
• EpCAM/TROP1 Proteins
• EpCAM/TROP1 ELISA
• EpCAM/TROP1 Proteins and Enzymes