alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody

Actin proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotic cells and are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity. Actin and myosin are involved in a myriad of cellular processes including locomotion, secretion, cytoplasmic streaming, phagocytosis and cytokinesis. Actin filaments, along with microtubules, comprise a major component of the cytoskeleton and play essential roles in regulating cell shape and movement. Actin has been found to be expressed in at least six isoforms, each encoded by a separate gene and expressed in a developmentally regulated and tissue-specific manner. Alpha, beta and gamma actin isoforms have been identified. Alpha actins are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus, whereas beta and gamma actins are involved in the regulation of cell motility.

ACTA2 encodes alpha Smooth Muscle Actin and is also known as alpha-actin, alpha-actin-2, aortic smooth muscle or alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA, SMactin, alpha-SM-actin, ASMA). Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin is frequently used as a marker of smooth muscle differentiation and has a theoretical molecular weight of 42 kDa. Smooth muscle alpha actin is one of a few genes whose expression is predominantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells that is used to study myofibroblasts and fibrosis (1). Excessive accumulation of alpha smooth muscle actin-positive (ACTA2+) activated myofibroblasts is observed in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2). Expression of smooth muscle alpha actin is regulated by cell proliferation and is altered in pathological conditions including atherosclerosis and is common in metastatic cancers (1,3).

References

1. Chakraborty, R., Saddouk, F. Z., Carrao, A. C., Krause, D. S., Greif, D. M., & Martin, K. A. (2019). Promoters to Study Vascular Smooth Muscle. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 39(4), 603-612. doi:10.1161/atvbaha.119.312449

2 .El Agha, E., Moiseenko, A., Kheirollahi, V., De Langhe, S., Crnkovic, S., Kwapiszewska, G., . . . Bellusci, S. (2017). Two-Way Conversion between Lipogenic and Myogenic Fibroblastic Phenotypes Marks the Progression and Resolution of Lung Fibrosis. Cell Stem Cell, 20(2), 261-273.e263. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.10.004

3. Chen, Y. C., Gonzalez, M. E., Burman, B., Zhao, X., Anwar, T., Tran, M., . . . Kleer, C. G. (2019). Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Engulfment Reveals Metastatic Advantage in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep, 27(13), 3916-3926.e3915. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.084

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 4 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit.

We have publications tested in 7 applications: ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-FrFl, IHC-P, Immunohistochemistry, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 66. Show All 66 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NB300-978	Applications	Species
Ilayda Ozsan McMillan, Marla Gearing, Lianchun Wang, Jan Korabecny, Darko Kero Vascular Heparan Sulfate and Amyloid-beta in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024-04-02 [PMID: 38612775]
Fang, ZF;Wang, ZN;Chen, Z;Peng, Y;Fu, Y;Yang, Y;Han, HL;Teng, YB;Zhou, W;Xu, D;Liu, XY;Xie, JX;Zhang, JJ;Zhong, NS; Fine particulate matter contributes to COPD-like pathophysiology: experimental evidence from rats exposed to diesel exhaust particles Respiratory research 2024-01-04 [PMID: 38178075]
Kim D, Goo B, Shi H et al. Integrative multiomics analysis of neointima proliferation in human saphenous vein: implications for bypass graft disease bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-11-17 [PMID: 38014255]
Fu Y, Liu H, Li K et al. C-reactive protein deficiency ameliorates experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms Front Immunol 2023-09-11 [PMID: 37753091]
More HL, Braam B, Cupples WA. Reduced tubuloglomerular feedback activity and absence of its synchronization in a connexin40 knockout rat Frontiers in Network Physiology 2023-08-29 [PMID: 37705697]
Shiju TM, Sampaio LP, Martinez VV et al. Transforming growth factor beta-3 localization in the corneal response to epithelial-stromal injury and effects on corneal fibroblast transition to myofibroblasts Experimental eye research 2023-08-24 [PMID: 37633325]
Jeong J, Tanaka M, Yang Y et al. An optimized visualization and quantitative protocol for in-depth evaluation of lymphatic vessel architecture in the liver American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 2023-08-22 [PMID: 37605828]
Xu M, Tan J, Zhu L et al. Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC3 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Targeting S-Palmitoylated IRHOM2 Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 2023-08-06 [PMID: 37544908]
Kersten, V;Seitz, T;Sommer, J;Thasler, WE;Bosserhoff, A;Hellerbrand, C; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 13 Has Protumorigenic Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells In Vitro International journal of molecular sciences 2023-07-04 [PMID: 37446238]
Assini J, Clark J, Youssef A et al. High levels of lipoprotein(a) in transgenic mice exacerbate atherosclerosis and promote vulnerable plaque features in a sex-specific manner Atherosclerosis 2023-05-01 [PMID: 37290980]
Szabó V, Csákány-Papp N, Görög M et al. Orai1 calcium channel inhibition prevents progression of chronic pancreatitis JCI insight 2023-05-25 [PMID: 37227782] (IHC-P, Human, Mouse) Details: Dilution 1:200	IHC-P	Human, Mouse
Li S, Gao Z, Li H et al. Hif-1?/Slit2 Mediates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Changes in Restenosis of Bypass Grafts Journal of cardiovascular translational research 2023-04-25 [PMID: 37097589] (WB, Rat)	WB	Rat
Dona MSI, Hsu I, Meuth AI et al. Multi-omic analysis of the cardiac cellulome defines a vascular contribution to cardiac diastolic dysfunction in obese female mice Basic research in cardiology 2023-03-29 [PMID: 36988733] (IHC-P, Mouse) Details: Dilution used in IHC-P 1:500	IHC-P	Mouse
Guan X, Liu D, Zhou H et al. Melatonin improves pregnancy outcomes in adenomyosis mice by restoring endometrial receptivity via NF-?B/apoptosis signaling Annals of Translational Medicine 2022-12-01 [PMID: 36660689]
Yang AT, Kim YO, Yan XZ et al. Fibroblast Activation Protein Activates Macrophages and Promotes Parenchymal Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology 2022-12-13 [PMID: 36521660] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: Dilution used for IHC-Fr 1:500	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Latif A, Fisher LE, Dundas AA et al. Microparticles Decorated with Cell-Instructive Surface Chemistries Actively Promote Wound Healing Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) 2022-11-28 [PMID: 36440539] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Kim DK, Jeong J, Lee DS Et al. PD-L1-directed PlGF/VEGF blockade synergizes with chemotherapy by targeting CD141(+) cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer Nat Commun 2022-10-22 [PMID: 36272973] (IHC-P, Mouse) Details: Citation using the HRP version of this antibody.	IHC-P	Mouse
Shin HS, Thakore A, Tada Y et al. Angiogenic stem cell delivery platform to augment post-infarction neovasculature and reverse ventricular remodeling Scientific Reports 2022-10-20 [PMID: 36266453] (Immunohistochemistry)	Immunohistochemistry
Itotagawa E, Tomofuji Y, Kato Y et al. SLE stratification based on BAFF and IFN-I bioactivity for biologics and implications of BAFF produced by glomeruli in lupus nephritis Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023-05-02 [PMID: 36094336]
Mir S, Golden BDO, Griess BJ et al. Upregulation of Nox4 induces a pro-survival Nrf2 response in cancer-associated fibroblasts that promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis, in part via Birc5 induction Breast cancer research : BCR 2022-07-14 [PMID: 35836253] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Ikeda S, Sugioka S, Kimura T, Ashida N Smooth muscle protein 22 alpha-Cre recombination in resting cardiac fibroblasts and hematopoietic precursors Scientific reports 2022-07-07 [PMID: 35798848]
Liu H, Tian K, Xia C et al. Kunming mouse strain is less susceptible to elastase induced abdominal aortic aneurysms Animal Model Exp Med 2022-03-01 [PMID: 35229996]
Verma SK, Deshmukh V, Thatcher K et al. RBFOX2 is required for establishing RNA regulatory networks essential for heart development Nucleic acids research 2022-02-28 [PMID: 35137168] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Ichiki T, Wang T, Kennedy A et al. Sensory representation and detection mechanisms of gut osmolality change Nature 2022-02-01 [PMID: 35082448] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Geng X, Xu Z, Tu C et al. Hydrogel Complex Electrospun Scaffolds and Their Multiple Functions in In Situ Vascular Tissue Engineering ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022-01-11 [PMID: 35014358]
Wu Q, Huang Q, Jiang Y et al. Remodeling Chondroitin-6-Sulfate-Mediated Immune Exclusion Enhances Anti-PD-1 Response in Colorectal Cancer with Microsatellite Stability Cancer Immunology Research 2022-02-01 [PMID: 34933913]
Tian K, Xia C, Liu H Et al. Temporal and Quantitative Analysis of Aortic Immunopathologies in Elastase-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Journal of immunology research 2021-11-16 [PMID: 34825008] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Link PA, Choi KM, Diaz Espinosa AM Et al. Combined control of the fibroblast contractile program by YAP and TAZ American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2021-11-10 [PMID: 34755530] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Sampaio L, Shiju T, Hilgert G Et al. Descemet's membrane injury and regeneration, and posterior corneal fibrosis in rabbits Experimental Eye Research 2021-11-01 [PMID: 34736886] (IF/IHC, Rabbit)	IF/IHC	Rabbit
Wang H, Hironaka C, Mullis D Et al. A Neonatal Leporine Model of Age-Dependent Natural Heart Regeneration After Myocardial Infarction The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2021-08-01 [PMID: 34649718]
Tian J, Zhang C, Kang N Et al. Attenuated monoamine oxidase a impairs endometrial receptivity in women with adenomyosis via downregulation of FOXO1 Biology of reproduction 2021-09-27 [PMID: 34568943] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Kim D, Yoon YJ, Choi D Et al. 3D Organoid Culture From Adult Salivary Gland Tissues as an ex vivo Modeling of Salivary Gland Morphogenesis Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2021-08-12 [PMID: 34458260] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Weder B, Schefer F, van Haaften WT Et al. New Therapeutic Approach for Intestinal Fibrosis Through Inhibition of pH-Sensing Receptor GPR4 Inflammatory bowel diseases 2021-07-28 [PMID: 34320209]
Lassiter R, Merchen Td, Fang X, Wang Y Protective Role of Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase in Allograft Rejection and Tubular Injury in Kidney Transplantation Frontiers in immunology 2021-07-07 [PMID: 34305900]
Alex J. Smith, Gokhan Akdemir, Meetu Wadhwa, Dan Song, Alan S. Verkman Application of fluorescent dextrans to the brain surface under constant pressure reveals AQP4-independent solute uptake The Journal of General Physiology 2021-08-02 [PMID: 34128962]
Beylina A, Langston R, Rosen D et al. Generation of fourteen isogenic cell lines for Parkinsons disease-associated leucine-rich repeat kinase (LRRK2) Stem Cell Research 2021-05-01 [PMID: 34087985] (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
Yildirim M, Oztay F, Kayalar O, Tasci AE Effect of long noncoding RNAs on epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells and fibrotic human lungs Journal of cellular biochemistry 2021-04-13 [PMID: 33847014]
Huang N, PErez P, Kato T et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection of the oral cavity and saliva Nature medicine 2021-03-25 [PMID: 33767405] (IHC-P)	IHC-P
Zhang Y, Recouvreux MV, Jung M et al. Macropinocytosis in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Is Dependent on CaMKK2/ARHGEF2 Signaling and Functions to Support Tumor and Stromal Cell Fitness Cancer Discovery 2021-07-01 [PMID: 33653692]
Yang Z, Wang W, Zhao L et al. Plasma cells shape the mesenchymal identity of ovarian cancers through transfer of exosome-derived microRNAs Science advances 2021-02-01 [PMID: 33627414]
Carlos de Oliveira R, Tye G, Sampaio L et al. TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 proteins in corneas with and without stromal fibrosis: Delayed regeneration of apical epithelial growth factor barrier and the epithelial basement membrane in corneas with stromal fibrosis Experimental Eye Research 2020-10-01 [PMID: 33263285] (IHC-Fr, Rabbit)	IHC-Fr	Rabbit
Nicole M. Marchetto, Salma Begum, Tracy Wu, Valerie O’Besso, Christina C. Yarborough, Nuriban Valero-Pacheco, Aimee M. Beaulieu, Jan K. Kitajewski, Carrie J. Shawber, Nataki C. Douglas Endothelial Jagged1 Antagonizes Dll4/Notch Signaling in Decidual Angiogenesis during Early Mouse Pregnancy International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020-09-05 [PMID: 32899448]
Ucar B, Yusufogullari S, Humpel C Collagen hydrogels loaded with fibroblast growth factor-2 as a bridge to repair brain vessels in organotypic brain slices Exp Brain Res 2020-08-29 [PMID: 32862235] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
de Oliveira, R C, Murillo, S Et al. The Efficacy of Topical HGF on Corneal Fibrosis and Epithelial Healing after Scar-Producing PRK Injury in Rabbits. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020-03-01 [PMID: 32818116] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Jacqueline Chevalier, Hao Yin, John-Michael Arpino, Caroline O'Neil, Zengxuan Nong, Kevin J. Gilmore, Jason J. Lee, Emma Prescott, Matthew Hewak, Charles L. Rice, Luc Dubois, Adam H. Power, Douglas W. Hamilton, J. Geoffrey Pickering Obstruction of Small Arterioles in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia due to Partial Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition iScience 2020-06-06 [PMID: 32629616]
Kirst C, Skriabine S, Vieites-Prado A et al. Mapping the Fine-Scale Organization and Plasticity of the Brain Vasculature Cell 2020-02-20 [PMID: 32059781] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Singh MS, Goldsmith M, Thakur K et al. An ovarian spheroid based tumor model that represents vascularized tumors and enables the investigation of nanomedicine therapeutics Nanoscale 2020-01-23 [PMID: 31904048]
Gravesteijn G, Munting LP, Overzier M et al. Progression and Classification of Granular Osmiophilic Material (GOM) Deposits in Functionally Characterized Human NOTCH3 Transgenic Mice Transl Stroke Res 2020-06-01 [PMID: 31667734] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Karhadkar, T R, Chen, W Et al. Attenuated pulmonary fibrosis in sialidase-3 knockout (Neu3-/-) mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020-01-01 [PMID: 31617733] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Inoue KI, Kishimoto S, Akimoto K et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts show heterogeneous gene expression and induce vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in response to environmental stimuli Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2019-07-01 [PMID: 31346581] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Medeiros CS, Saikia P, de Oliveira RC et al. Descemet's Membrane Modulation of Posterior Corneal Fibrosis Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019-03-01 [PMID: 30884531] (IF/IHC, Rabbit)	IF/IHC	Rabbit
Vadasz Z, Balbir Gurman A, Meroni P et al. Lysyl oxidase-a possible role in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary hypertension: a multicentre study Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019-02-15 [PMID: 30770717] (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
Saikia P, Thangavadivel S, Medeiros CS et al. IL-1 and TGF-b Modulation of Epithelial Basement Membrane Components Perlecan and Nidogen Production by Corneal Stromal Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2018-11-01 [PMID: 30480706] (IHC-Fr, Rabbit)	IHC-Fr	Rabbit
Thompson JC, Wilson PG, Wyllie AP et al. Elevated circulating TGF-b is not the cause of increased atherosclerosis development in biglycan deficient mice Atherosclerosis. 2017-11-10 [PMID: 29182988] (Mouse)		Mouse
Thompson JC, Wilson PG, Shridas P et al. Serum amyloid A3 is pro-atherogenic Atherosclerosis. 2017-11-17 [PMID: 29175652] (Mouse)		Mouse
Machuca-Parra AI, Bigger-Allen AA, Sanchez AV et al. Therapeutic antibody targeting of Notch3 signaling prevents mural cell loss in CADASIL J. Exp. Med. 2017-07-11 [PMID: 28698285] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Cho S, Roh K, Park J et al. Hydrolysis of Hyaluronic Acid in Lymphedematous Tissue Alleviates Fibrogenesis via TH1 Cell-Mediated Cytokine Expression. Sci Rep 2017-12-01 [PMID: 28232732] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Hutter-Schmid B, Humpel C. Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin mRNA and Protein Are Increased in Isolated Brain Vessel Extracts of Alzheimer Mice. Pharmacology. 2016-07-28 [PMID: 27463512]
Hutter-Schmid B, Kniewallner KM, Humpel C. Organotypic brain slice cultures as a model to study angiogenesis of brain vessels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015-09-21 [PMID: 26389117] (IHC-FrFl, Mouse)	IHC-FrFl	Mouse
Daschil N, Kniewallner KM, Obermair GJ et al. L-Type calcium channel blockers and substance P induce angiogenesis of cortical vessels associated with beta-amyloid plaques in an Alzheimer mouse model. Neurobiology of Aging. 2014-12-31 [PMID: 25619662] (IHC-FrFl, Mouse) Details: Actin Alpha 2 Smooth Muscle antibody used at 1:1000 dilution in IHC-FrFl/free floating sections application on brain tissue from an Alzheimer mouse model - transgenic male animals overexpressing human APP751 with the London (V717I) and Swedish (K670M/N671L) mutations under the regulatory control of the neuron-specific murine Thy-1 promoter (mThy-1-hAPP751), heterozygous with respect to the transgene, on a C57BL/6 background (See full text for detailed protocol; data shown in Fig 3)	IHC-FrFl	Mouse
Miller D, DeSutter C, Scott A et al. Vascular structure and function in the medial collateral ligament of anterior cruciate ligament transected rabbit knees J. Orthop. Res. 2014-06-07 [PMID: 24909758] (IHC-FrFl, Rabbit) Details: Actin Alpha 2 Smooth Muscle antibody used for IHC-FrFl application (1:400 dilution, 24h incubation at 4C) in co-localization analysis with CD31 on medial collateral ligament (MCL) collected from control and anterior cruciate ligament transected (ACL-t) rabbit knees - 4% PFA fixation, serial sucrose solutions preservation (10%, 20%, and 30%), OCT embedding/isopentane (-80C), cut 100?um sections and free floating sections stained with CD31 followed by immunolabelling with goat anti-human alpha-SMA and donkey anti-goat Cy2 conjugated secondary antibody. Immunostaining images - Figure 3.	IHC-FrFl	Rabbit
Makinde TO, Steininger R, Agrawal DK. NPY and NPY receptors in airway structural and inflammatory cells in allergic asthma Exp Mol Pathol 2012-06-12 [PMID: 22705097] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Mouse)	ICC/IF, IF/IHC	Mouse
Nichol D, Shawber C, Fitch MJ et al. Impaired angiogenesis and altered Notch signaling in mice overexpressing endothelial Egfl7. Blood 2010 Dec 23 [PMID: 20947685] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Pandit K V, Corcoran D et al. Inhibition and role of let-7d in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010-07-15 [PMID: 20395557] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Austin SA, Sens MA, Combs CK. Amyloid precursor protein mediates a tyrosine kinase-dependent activation response in endothelial cells. J Neurosci;29(46):14451-62. 2009-11-18 [PMID: 19923279]
Reddy S, Ozgur K, Lu M et al. Structure of the human smooth muscle alpha-actin gene. Analysis of a cDNA and 5' upstream region. J Biol Chem 1990-01-25 [PMID: 2295650]
Show All 66 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	ICC	Mouse	09/15/2021	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested fibroblasts Species Mouse Lot S4C2G2P26 Comments Comments Primary antibody 1:1000 concentration, incubation overnight at 4C.
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	WB	Human	03/31/2021	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested fibroblasts Species Human Lot S4C2G2P27
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	ICC	Mouse	01/14/2021	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested Adult testis Species Mouse Lot S4C4P7E191118 Comments Comments primary antibody 1:200 dilution.
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	IHC-Fr	Mouse	01/30/2020	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Frozen Sample Tested Mouse heart frozen sections Species Mouse Lot S4C2Q2P26 Comments Comments Mouse frozen heart after myocardial infarction PFA fixed Primary antibody 1:200 Secondary antibody 1:500
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	ICC	Human	10/09/2019	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested fibroblasts Species Human Lot S4C4P7E191118
	5 reviewed by: Paramananda Saikia	IHC-Fr	Rabbit	10/23/2018	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Frozen Sample Tested corneal stromal cells Species Rabbit Lot S4C4P6E060818
	5 reviewed by: Paramananda Saikia	ICC	Rabbit	05/31/2018	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested Eye lens tissue Species Rabbit Lot S464P3N24051

Array NB300-978

• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibodies
• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody Pair
• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin ELISA Kits
• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Lysates
• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Proteins