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AKT2 Antibody (1D9)

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Western Blot: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Analysis of AKT2 expression in Jurkat (Cat # L017V1).
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Analysis of monoclonal antibody to AKT2 on HeLa cell. Antibody concentration 10 ug/ml
Western Blot: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Analysis of AKT2 expression in PC-12 (Cat # L012V1).
Western Blot: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Analysis of AKT2 expression in Raw 264.7 (Cat # L024V1).
Western Blot: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Analysis of AKT2 expression in NIH/3T3 (Cat # L018V1).
ELISA: AKT2 Antibody (1D9) [H00000208-M03] - Detection limit for recombinant GST tagged AKT2 is approximately 1ng/ml as a capture antibody.

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity Hu, Mu, RtSpecies Glossary
Applications WB, ELISA, ICC/IF
Clone
1D9
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Conjugate
Unconjugated

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AKT2 Antibody (1D9) Summary

Description
Quality control test: Antibody Reactive Against Recombinant Protein.
Immunogen
AKT2 (AAA58364, 100 a.a. ~ 189 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag. MW of the GST tag alone is 26 KDa. MRAIQMVANSLKQRAPGEDPMDYKCGSPSDSSTTEEMEVAVSKARAKVTMNDFDYLKLLGKGTFGKVILVREKATGRYYAMKILRKEVII
Specificity
AKT2 (1D9)
Isotype
IgG1 Kappa
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Gene
AKT2
Purity
IgG purified
Innovator's Reward
Test in a species/application not listed above to receive a full credit towards a future purchase.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • ELISA
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
  • Western Blot 1:500
Application Notes
Antibody reactivity against cell lysate and recombinant protein for WB. It has also been used for IF and ELISA.
Publications
Read Publication using H00000208-M03.

Reactivity Notes

Please note that this antibody is reactive to Mouse and derived from the same host, Mouse. Additional Mouse on Mouse blocking steps may be required for IHC and ICC experiments. Please contact Technical Support for more information.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Aliquot and store at -20C or -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Buffer
In 1x PBS, pH 7.4
Preservative
No Preservative
Purity
IgG purified

Notes

This product is produced by and distributed for Abnova, a company based in Taiwan.

Alternate Names for AKT2 Antibody (1D9)

  • Akt2
  • EC 2.7.11
  • EC 2.7.11.1
  • Murine thymoma viral (v-akt) homolog-2
  • PKB beta
  • PKBB
  • PKBBETA
  • PRKBB
  • Protein kinase Akt-2
  • Protein kinase B beta
  • rac protein kinase beta
  • RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase
  • RAC-beta
  • RAC-PK-beta
  • v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2

Background

AKT (also known as protein kinase B (PKB) and RAC (related to A and C kinases)) is a critical intracellular serine/threonine kinase that translates signals from extracellular stimuli including growth factors, cytokines and neurotransmitters (1). AKT signaling plays critical roles in cell growth, proliferation, survival and differentiation (1). It is also involved in organogenesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. Three mammalian AKT isoforms have been identified. The AKT pathway can be activated by any of the three members who share a high level of protein homology but are independently encoded by AKT1 (PKB alpha; 14q32.32), AKT2 (PKB beta; 19q13.2), or AKT3 (PKB gamma; 1q44) (1, 2). Each AKT family member contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a central kinase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. AKT mediates many of the downstream events of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), a lipid kinase activated by growth factors, cytokines and insulin. PI3-K recruits AKT to the membrane, where it is activated by PDK1 phosphorylation. AKT has two main phosphorylation sites (Ser473 and Thr308, predicted molecular weight 56 kDa) (3, 4). Once phosphorylated, AKT dissociates from the membrane and phosphorylates targets in the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).

The main function of AKT is to control inhibition of apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Survival factors can activate AKT Ser473 and Thr308 phosphorylation sites in a transcription-independent manner, resulting in the inactivation of apoptotic signaling transduction through the tumor suppressor PTEN, an antagonist to PI3-K (5). PTEN exerts enzymatic activity as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase, opposing PI3K activity by decreasing availability of PIP3 to proliferating cells, leading to overexpression and inappropriate activation of AKT noted in many types of cancer.

AKT1 function has been linked to overall physiological growth and function (2). AKT1 has been correlated with proteus syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of various tissues caused by a mosaic variant in the AKT1 gene in humans.

AKT2 is strongly correlated with Type II diabetes, including phenotypes of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis (2, 6).

The function of AKT3 is specifically associated to brain development, where disruptions to AKT3 are correlated with microcephaly, hemimegalencephaly, megalencephaly and intellectual disabilities (2).

References

1. Ersahin, T., Tuncbag, N., & Cetin-Atalay, R. (2015). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway. Mol Biosyst, 11(7), 1946-1954. doi:10.1039/c5mb00101c

2. Cohen, M. M., Jr. (2013). The AKT genes and their roles in various disorders. Am J Med Genet A, 161a(12), 2931-2937. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36101

3. Georgescu, M. M. (2010). PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control. Genes Cancer, 1(12), 1170-1177. doi:10.1177/1947601911407325

4. Mishra, P., Paital, B., Jena, S., Swain, S. S., Kumar, S., Yadav, M. K., . . . Samanta, L. (2019). Possible activation of NRF2 by Vitamin E/Curcumin against altered thyroid hormone induced oxidative stress via NFkB/AKT/mTOR/KEAP1 signalling in rat heart. Sci Rep, 9(1), 7408. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43320-5

5. Wedel, S., Hudak, L., Seibel, J. M., Juengel, E., Oppermann, E., Haferkamp, A., & Blaheta, R. A. (2011). Critical analysis of simultaneous blockage of histone deacetylase and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase in the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate, 71(7), 722-735. doi:10.1002/pros.21288

6. Rotllan, N., Chamorro-Jorganes, A., Araldi, E., Wanschel, A. C., Aryal, B., Aranda, J. F., . . . Fernandez-Hernando, C. (2015). Hematopoietic Akt2 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis. Faseb j, 29(2), 597-610. doi:10.1096/fj.14-262097

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Publications for AKT2 Antibody (H00000208-M03)(1)

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Product General Protocols

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Video Protocols

WB Video Protocol
ICC/IF Video Protocol

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Secondary Antibodies

 

Isotype Controls

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Research Areas for AKT2 Antibody (H00000208-M03)

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Blogs on AKT2.

AKT Antibody Assays: A Complex Area with an Easy Solution
We at Novus Biologicals place a lot of emphasis on the kinase signaling pathways. Kinases, or phosphotransferase enzymes play a key role in phosphorylation signaling. Over 500 human protein kinases have so far been discovered. They play essential role...  Read full blog post.

The Akt Antibody Plays Many Roles in Cancer Research
There are three human isoforms of the AKT gene, which plays a key role in several signalling pathways. Akt antibody studies have shown the Atk kinases to play a diverse number of roles within the cell, regulating angiogenesis, apoptosis, protein synth...  Read full blog post.

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Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol AKT2
Entrez
OMIM
Uniprot