S100B Products

Description

S100B is a zinc- and calcium-binding protein belonging to the S100 protein family within the EF-hand (helix E-loop-helix F) subgroup (1,2). S100B plays a role in normal central nervous system development, is associated with various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and it serves as a marker for brain injury (1,2). The S100B protein has a homodimeric structure comprised of two 91-amino acid polypeptide monomers each with a theoretical molecular weight of 10.5 kDa (1,2). Furthermore, each monomer contains two EF-hand regions, four helixes, and a hinge region (2). S100B is predominately expressed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells, but also other cell types including adipocytes (1,3). S100B interacts with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), initiating downstream signaling cascades and transcription factors including JNK/JUN, NFkappaB, and p38, leading to caspase and proinflammatory cytokine production (2). Overall outcomes include neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration (1,2). S100B is the most commonly studied astroglia and blood brain barrier biomarker in traumatic brain injury (TBI) (3,4). The serum levels of S100B in patients with TBI is indicative of patient outcomes, where high levels correlate with injury severity and mortality (4). S100B is often in used in combination with additional biomarkers such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) (3,4).

References

1. Yardan, T., Erenler, A. K., Baydin, A., Aydin, K., & Cokluk, C. (2011). Usefulness of S100B protein in neurological disorders. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 61(3), 276-281.

2. Langeh, U., & Singh, S. (2021). Targeting S100B Protein as a Surrogate Biomarker and its Role in Various Neurological Disorders. Current neuropharmacology, 19(2), 265-277. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X18666200729100427

3. Thelin, E. P., Nelson, D. W., & Bellander, B. M. (2017). A review of the clinical utility of serum S100B protein levels in the assessment of traumatic brain injury. Acta neurochirurgica, 159(2), 209-225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-016-3046-3

4. Wang, K. K., Yang, Z., Zhu, T., Shi, Y., Rubenstein, R., Tyndall, J. A., & Manley, G. T. (2018). An update on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. Expert review of molecular diagnostics, 18(2), 165-180. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2018.1428089

Bioinformatics

Entrez	20203 Mouse 25742 Rat 525716 Bovine 6285 Human
Uniprot	NM_006272 Human NP_006263 Human NP_006263.1 Human P02638 Bovine P04271 Human P50114 Mouse
Product By Gene ID	6285
Alternate Names	beta (neural) NEF S100 beta S100 calcium binding protein B S100 calcium-binding protein B S100 calcium-binding protein, beta (neural) S-100 calcium-binding protein, beta chain, 10protein S100-B S-100 protein beta chain S-100 protein subunit beta S100 S100beta

Research Areas for S100B

Find related products by research area and learn more about each of the different research areas below.

Apoptosis
Cytoskeleton Markers
Neuroscience

Related S100B Blog Posts

Check out the latest blog posts on S100B.

Role of GFAP in astrocytes: Lessons from induced pluripotent stem cells in Alexander disease patients By Michalina Hanzel, PhDAlexander disease is a progressive and fatal neurological disease with phenotypes ranging from myelination abnormalities, gait ataxia and megalencephaly to predisposition to seizures. It is an ...    Read more.

Successful Transplantation of Friedreich Ataxia Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Sensory Neurons in Dorsal Root Ganglia of Adult Rodents Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhD The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are a collection of cell bodies of sensory nerves carrying sensory information – including nociception, mechanoreception and proprioception – from periphera...    Read more.

Read more S100B related blogs.