Chickenpox is caused by a virus called varicella zoster. People who get the virus often develop a rash of spots that look like blisters all over their bodies. The blisters are small and sit on an area of red skin that can be anywhere from the size of a pencil eraser to the size of a dime. The spots on the skin fill up with liquid and itch, if scratched they can leave scarring. Chickenpox is transmitted through the air. When someone with chickenpox coughs or sneezes, they expose the people around. If a person who has never had chicken pox inhales the virus they can be infected, the virus enters the lungs and is carried through the blood to the skin where it causes the typical rash of chicken pox. The incubation period of chickenpox is between 10 and 20 days. Before the typical rash appears, patients often develop a fever, headache, swollen glands and other flu like symptoms. Skin vesicles contain the virus but are not the primary sources. Scabs are not infectious. Patients are contagious from 2 days before onset of the rash until all of their blisters have crusted the virus can also be transmitted if someone comes in contact with the fluid from one of these healing blisters. In most all cases once someone has had the chickenpox they can’t have it again and now there is a vaccination shot that can be given to prevent the virus.
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