The GAPDH Antibody: A Diverse Area of Research

The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, or GAPDH enzyme plays an important role in the conversion of glucose for energy, catalyzing the sixth step of the glycolytic pathway. A common and widely expressed protein, GAPDH mRNA is often used as a standard in mRNA studies. GAPDH antibody products are also used as a loading control in Western blot assays. We at Novus Biologicals have 55 GAPDH antibody products on our antibody database.

GAPDH catalyses the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, yielding D-glycerate 1, 3-bisphosphate in a two-step process which couples phosphorylation to oxidation. Recent GAPDH antibody studies have suggested GAPDH also has a role to play in several non-metabolic processes, including transcription activation, ER to Golgi vessel shuttling and apoptosis. GAPDH is known to bind to a number of other proteins, including the amyloid precursor protein, mutations of which can cause Alzheimer's disease.

In 2003, Zheng, et al. identified a transcriptional role for GAPDH, forming part of the OCA-S Oct-1 coactivator complex in combination with lactate dehydrogenase. It this study, GAPDH directly bound to Oct-1, and selectively bound to the H2B promoter during the S-phase. Other GAPDH antibody studies have suggested GAPDH plays a role in basal RNA polymerase II transcription, and also DNA repair.

In 2005, Hara, et al. showed that GAPDH initiates apoptosis in response to cellular stress, binding to the E3-ubiquitin ligase Siah1 following S-nitrosylation. In 2006, the same group showed that Deprenyl, a drug used to treat Parkinson's disease, blocked S-nitrosylation of GAPDH, preventing Siah1 binding.

Neurodegeneration and apoptosis are closely intertwined. The GAPDH antibody database may turn out to be a useful tool in the fight against neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease.

Novus Biologicals offers many GAPDH reagents for your research needs including:

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