The protein ATF6 is a constitutively expressed transcription factor that is a key mediator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that allows mammalian cells to maintain cellular homeostasis under conditions of environmental and physiological stress. ATF6 is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-anchored in its inactive form, and under certain stress conditions, translocates to the Golgi where it is processed into its active form through action of the S1P and S2P proteases. This regulated intramembrane proteolysis allows the activated, N-terminal ATF6 component to then translocate to the nucleus, where it binds to ER stress-response elements in ER stress-response genes (ERSRGs). Detailed experimental methods for understanding UPR and its relationship to stress-related conditions like diabetes and neurodegeneration have been worked out and are dependent on the ATF6 antibody1.
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Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ATF6 Antibody
Xu et al published in Nature Cell Biology their studies with the ATF6 antibody in nitric oxide (NO) signaling in the ER stress response2. They found that mitochondrial disruption resulting from NO-triggered ATF6 activation is closely coupled to the ER stress response. Park’s group in Japan used the ATF6 antibody to investigate glucose deprivation’s role in tumor growth, and found that UPR disruption may be an avenue for therapeutic targeting in glucose-deprived solid tumors3. The ATF6 antibody was employed by Toko et al to study pathological and physiological diseases in the heart4. They found that ATF6 activation in response to myocardial infarction (MI) functioned to not only protect damaged heart tissue but also helped to maintain cardiac function. Studies from the UK with the ATF6 antibody indicate that a tumor-specific Grp78 promoter could be exploited in systemic cancer gene therapy5.
Novus Biologicals offers ATF6 reagents for your research needs including:
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