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Christina Towers

Autophagy and RAS signaling: Clinical implications

Immunocytochemical staining of fixed and permeabilized HeLa cells treated with chloroquine, incubated with LC3B (green) and tubulin (red) antibodies, and counterstained with DAPI to visualized DNA.

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Cancer
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Melanoma
Colorectal Cancer
Ras
LC3B
Beclin 1
mCherry
GFP
NRAS
B-Raf
CA19-9/Sialyl Lewis A
Christina Towers

Understanding Mitophagy Mechanisms: Canonical PINK1/Parkin, LC3-Dependent Piecemeal, and LC3-Independent Mitochondrial Derived Vesicles

Expression of the mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 in NH3T3 cells was analyzed by immunocytochemistry with knockout validated rabbit polyclonal anti-DRP1 antibody.

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Selective Autophagy
Mitophagy
PINK1
p62/SQSTM1
NBR1
NDP52
OPTN
TAX1BP1
Parkin
DRP1
Christina Towers

New Players in the Mitophagy Game

Adenine nucleotide translocase 1 or ADP/ATP translocase (ANT) is expressed in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it exchanges free ATP and ADP from and into the mitochondrial matrix, respectively.

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Selective Autophagy
Mitophagy
SYNJ2BP/ARIP2
cox8a
PINK1
Adenine nucleotide translocase 1
timm44
timm23
Parkin
Christina Towers

Autophagy Research Update: What a difference a year makes!

Autophagy Handbook provides an overview of molecular players and regulatory mechanisms involved in the process of autophagy.

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Selective Autophagy
Cancer
NDP25
TBK1
ULK1
VPS34
Beclin1
Bcl2
p62/SQSTM1
WIPI2B
alpha Tubulin
PTEN
Ras
Raf
MEK
ERK
Christina Towers

Autophagy and Metastasis

EpCAM/TROP1 is localized by immunohistochemical analysis of human breast carcinoma tissue to the cell membrane and intercellular spaces.
 

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Cancer
EMT
LC3
LC3-II
LC3B
p62/SQSTM1
Paxillin
Twist-1
epcam-trop1
Christina Towers

Optogenetic Control of Mitophagy: AMBRA1 based mitophagy switch

sAmbra1 expression and localization to mitochondria in human U-2 OS cell line, ICC

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Mitophagy
LC3
LC3-II
LC3B
p62/SQSTM1
Parkin
AMBRA1
Christina Towers

Autophagic flux: Is p62 a good indicator?

p62 detection via IHC-Paraffin, Novus Biologicals

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
autophagosome
LC3
LC3-II
LC3B
p62/SQSTM1
alpha Tubulin
mCherry
Autophagic flux
Chloroquine
Bafilomycin-A1
ATG5
ATG7
PKC zeta
NFkB
Keap1
NRF2
ERK1
Christina Towers

Best genes to knockout to control autophagic flux

Autophagy interactive signaling pathway, Novus Biologicals, macroautophagy induction, autophagosome maturation, microautophagy, autolysosome, elongation

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
Autophagic flux
LC3
LC3B
LC3-II
Chloroquine
Bafilomycin
Autophagy Inhibitors
ATGs
ATG5
ATG7
Atg3
ATG12
stx17
p62-sqstm1
ATG13
Apoptosis
Christina Towers
autophagosome
Autophagy flux

How to visualize autophagy by microscopy

LC3B and alpha tubulin expression in HeLa cells treated with Chloroquine, ICC, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy
autophagosome
LC3
LC3B
p62/SQSTM1
alpha Tubulin
GFP
Mitophagy
mCherry
Autophagic flux
Chloroquine
Christina Towers
Autophagy flux
microscopy

The LC3 A, B, C’s and 1, 2, 3’s

Atg5 expression in HeLa cells, ICC, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence

By Christina Towers, PhD

Tags: 
Autophagy flux
LC3
LC3B
LC3-II
Autophagy
Autophagy Inhibitors
ATG4
ATG5
ATG12
LC3A
LC3C
GABARAP
GABARAPL1
GABARAPL2
Chloroquine
Bafilomycin-A1
ATG7
ATG8
Christina Towers
autophagosome

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