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DNA polymerases are major players in DNA replication. DNA polymerase I catalyzes the polymerization of nucleotides into a duplex DNA strand. It reads a template DNA strand and adds free nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing strand. DNA polymerase I also possesses 3' to 5' exonuclease activity, often referred to proofreading, which lowers the error rate during DNA replication. Its exonuclease activity enables the enzyme to replace nucleotides in the growing strand of DNA by nick translation.
